Thorndike Multifactor Theory of Intelligence
Back to: Learning and Teaching – Unit 2
Thorndike’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence is a theory of intelligence as a collection of abilities, each of which may be measured by its own test. Each ability has a particular function that is performed more or less efficiently by the individual. This theory is a major contribution to the understanding of human intelligence, especially as it relates to education and psychology. The Theory of Multiple Intelligence Multiple Intelligences (MI) is the ability to think in different ways.
In order for an individual to function effectively in society, they must have a range of abilities. Multiple intelligences are ways of thinking that can be measured by a variety of tests.
Types of Multiple Intelligences
There are five types of multiple intelligences:
- linguistic-verbal
- logical-mathematical
- musical
- spatial
- bodily-kinesthetic
These abilities are measured on a continuum. Some people may be very strong at one type of intelligence while being weak at others.
Characteristics of Multifactor Intelligence Theory
Multiple intelligence theory (MIT) was developed by Dr. Edward L. Thorndike in the early 20th century.
Multiple intelligence theory (MIT) is a theory that has become very popular with educationalists and psychologists because it suggests a number of possible explanations for the behavior of children.
Principles of Thorndike’s Multiple Intelligence
Thorndike’s theory of multiple intelligence is based on two basic principles.
- The first is that all people have at least one dominant intellectual ability, or ability to learn. In other words, there is always a dominant ability in the person.
- Second, all people also possess a number of other abilities, which are called “sub-dominant” or “inferior”.
Abilities in Multiple intelligence theory (MIT)
According to MIT, every person possesses four abilities.
These abilities are:
- Intellectual Ability – This is the most important ability for all people. It is the ability to learn new things, understand them and use them in everyday life.
- Verbal Ability – This is the ability to communicate using words.
- Non-verbal Ability – This is the ability to communicate using body language and gestures.
- Emotional/Social Ability – This is the ability to interact with other people in an appropriate way.
According to scientists, these abilities are not only important for everyone, but also for each person. For example, the ability to learn is very important for all people, but for some people, it is more important than for others. The same applies to the other abilities.
