HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE UPSC PRELIMS EXAM

UPSC Prelims is the qualifying exam to appear for the UPSC Mains. The candidates who clear the Prelims are only allowed to appear for UPSC Mains. Every year many students are not able to crack the UPSC Prelims due to many factors. The article given below will help you to make a strategic plan for better preparation for the UPSC Prelims exam. The article also consists of the detailed syllabus of the UPSC Prelims, the eligibility criteria, and the reservation criteria. It is very important to analyze these factors before starting the preparation of the UPSC Prelims. There is a lot of syllabus which requires a perfect and planned strategy to clear the UPSC Prelims.

Before starting the preparation for the UPSC Prelims exam one must go through the detailed structure of the syllabus and thoroughly understand the exam pattern of the exam. Let us have a look at what exactly this exam is, the difficulty level of the exam, the exam pattern, and other factors that are necessary to understand before starting the preparations.

Step 1- Detailed Analysis of the UPSC Prelims Exam Eligibility Criteria, Reservation Criteria, and Prelims Exam Pattern-

UPSC is the conducting body of the IAS exam. Let us start with knowing about the exam conducting body that is UPSC. UPSC stands for Union Public Service Commission. The headquarters of the commission are situated in New Delhi. The contact details and address is also mentioned below-

The exam is also referred by some other names like the UPSC examination, UPSC CSE and the Civil Services Exam.

IAS stands for Indian Administrative Services.

It is a national level examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission- UPSC for recruitment in the services of the Government of India like the Indian Administrative Service, Indian Foreign Service, and Indian Police Service. The UPSC CSE exam is conducted in three phases: 

1- a preliminary examination which consists of two objective-type papers 

2- a main examination that consists of nine papers that include essaywriting, in which two papers are qualifying and only marks of seven are counted

3- an interview round

Listed below are the services that one gets recruited on after the successful qualification the examination-

All India Services

• Indian Administrative Service (IAS)

• Indian Police Service (IPS)

Central Services (Group A)

• Indian Foreign Service (IFS)

• Indian Audit and Accounts Service (IA&AS)

• Indian Civil Accounts Service (ICAS)

• Indian Corporate Law Service (ICLS)

• Indian Defence Accounts Service (IDAS)

• Indian Defence Estates Service (IDES)

• Indian Information Service (IIS)

• Indian Postal Service 

• Indian P&T Accounts and Finance Service 

• Indian Railway Protection Force Service (IRPFS)

• Indian Revenue Service (IRS-IT)

• Indian Revenue Service (IRS-C&CE)

• Indian Trade Service (ITrS)

Central Services (Group B)

• Armed Forces Headquarters Civil Services (AFHCS)

• Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Civil Service (DANICS)

• Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Police Service (DANIPS)

• Pondicherry Civil Service (PCS)

• Pondicherry Police Service (PPS)

Eligibility Criteria for the UPSC examination-

To appear for the UPSC examination some eligibility criteria need to be fulfilled by the candidate and in case any criteria are not fulfilled the candidate is not eligible to apply for the examination. 

Given below are the different eligibility criteria issued by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC):

The UPSC 2023 uploaded a notification on 1st February 2023. The age limit is a very important eligibility criterion so before the preparation starts one must go through the age eligibility criteria.

UPSC Age Limit – Minimum and Maximum Age for UPSC Exam-

The candidates must be 21 years old and should be less than 32 years old as of 1st August 2023 it means that the candidate should have been born not before 2nd August 1990 and not later than 1st August 2001. 

UPSC Jobs Reservation Criteria-

There is no specific reservation for women in UPSC civil services examination. Although there is reservation in UPSC exam for categories such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, and Economically Weaker Sections to promote social equity and diversity.

There are some age relaxations also, they are listed below-

Age Relaxation & Number of Attempts

The age relaxations are given below-

Qualification Criteria-

• Minimum qualification for UPSC exam is that the candidate must hold a bachelor’s degree from Government recognised University or possess an equivalent qualification.

• Candidates who are in their final year or those candidates whose results are awaited are also eligible to appear for UPSC preliminary Examination but for main exam, there must be proof of qualification.

• Medical students who have passed the final year of MBBS, but are yet to complete their internship also have eligibility for the UPSC exam.

UPSC Eligibility Criteria – Nationality

For IAS :

• Candidate must be a citizen of India.

The UPSC CSE exam is conducted in three phases: 

1- a preliminary examination which consists of two objective-type papers 

2- a main examination that consists of nine papers that include essaywriting, in which two papers are qualifying and only marks of seven are counted

3- an interview round

One must go through the details of the eligibility criteria before starting the preparations because if a person is unable to fulfill any of the eligibility criteria he/she is not eligible to take the IAS exam.

UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern-

One should go through and understand the syllabus in detail. All the compulsory subjects and optional subjects should be understood.

UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern

The candidates should understand the exam pattern of the UPSC Prelims, for better understanding, a table is given below-

The subjects in Prelims are common and compulsory to all the students. But there are optional subjects in the UPSC mains exam.

UPSC Prelims Syllabus for Paper-1 (GS-1)

Listed below is the syllabus for GS-1 which is General Studies Paper -1

• Current events of national and international importance

• Current affairs

• Indian and World Geography – Physical, Social, and Economic Geography of India and the World

• Indian History 

• Indian National Movement

• Economic & Social Development (Poverty, Demographics, Sustainable Development, Social Sector Initiatives)

• Biodiversity

• General Issues on Environmental Ecology

• Climate Change

• General Science

• International Relations

• Indian Polity

• Indian Governance

UPSC Prelims Syllabus for Paper-2 (CSAT)

Listed below is the syllabus for GS-2 which is General Studies Paper -1 or CSAT- Civil Services Aptitude Test.

• Interpersonal skills including communication skills

• Comprehension

• Decision-making and problem-solving

• Logical reasoning and analytical ability

• General mental ability

• Basic numeracy (orders of magnitude, numbers and their relations & others)

• Data Interpretation (Charts, Tables, Graphs Data Sufficiency, etc. Class 10 level knowledge would be sufficient for these topics.

The syllabus is as per the UPSC Guidelines and for the detailed syllabus you can visit the official notification issued by the UPSC.

Step 2- Stick to the Syllabus

The UPSC Prelims exam syllabus is tough and very lengthy. One must stick to the syllabus so that you can complete it on time and also get adequate time for revision. Make a list of important topics, difficult topics, and topics you have completed so you know what to study next. Plan your schedule well so you can complete everything on time. Analyze the syllabus properly before starting the preparations.

Step 3- A coaching institute for UPSC can help-

Once you have analyzed the syllabus rightly you get a view of difficult and easy topics. You can be admitted in coaching institutes for the scheduled preparation. Coaching institutes also help you in completing the syllabus on time. You can also take classes only for the subjects you find tough. 

Step 4- Right guidance makes the path easier

To succeed in an exam it is necessary that you are guided rightly so that you don’t waste time on unnecessary stuffs and topics. You can even join any online coaching classes or you tube channels or join coaching institute offline for daily lectures. Coaching institutes have highly qualified and experienced faculty who provide you the right guidance for smart preparations.

Step 5- Making Strategies for UPSC Exam

Once you have read about the detailed syllabus, make strategies and plan on how to start and from where to start. Start finding the necessary reading material, books, newspaper reading should be made a habit, read the magazines for current affairs and general knowledge. The NCERT books should not be ignored. The notes made in Class 11, 12 and graduation level should also be used. Organize everything like books, notebooks, text books, magazines etc. so you they become easy to access.

Step 6- Framing a Schedule of the daily routine

UPSC Prelims is a tough exam and requires a great level of preparation. You should make a time table so you can make every day productive and don’t end up wasting your time. You can also make a to-do list for the next day before you go to sleep this will help you work in an organized pattern. Make a list of topics to be done on a particular week so at the end you know what is left and what is done. You can also work in a pattern like difficult topics first and easy topics later or vice- versa, whatever suits you.

Making a time table is not enough; you must adhere to the schedule you have made for yourself. It would certainly be difficult in the starting but once you do it on a regular basis it will become a habit and easy to follow.

Step 7- Make Notes

Making notes of the topics makes it easier to revise and memorize the important points. Make notes of the topics you find difficult so during revision you need not refer to many other books. During revision time it gets tough to read all the books make easy and handy notes for revision. 

If any topic is difficult to memorize one can learn it by writing it on notebook. Writing makes it easy to learn a topic and you can memorize it for a longer period of time. 

Step 8- Previous Year UPSC Exam Questions are Necessary-

Analyze PYQs, that is, Previous Year Questions. Analyze the previous year papers thoroughly, practice the questions, make a list of repeated topics or the topics which make the highest weightage and are repeated almost every time. This will help you mould your preparation in the right direction and will help you in working smartly.

Step 9- Practicing Questions 

You should practice the questions from every topic you read. A proper time should be dedicated to practice the questions daily. This helps in clearing the confusing topics and memorizing important points. 

Solve as many questions you can. Practice makes a man perfect. Practice more and more.

Step 10- Taking UPSC Mock Tests is Necessary

Mock tests are a very important factor that boosts your exam preparation. You can buy test series and mock tests from a renowned institute. Do not skip tests because they help you in analyzing your preparations. These tests help you in keeping a check about your progress. This also helps in limiting the negative marking.

Most of the time students avoid giving mock tests. But mock tests are very necessary; they boost your exam preparations. Mock tests tell you about your weak points. 

Step 11- Revision is the KEY to Success

Revision is the key to success. Reading once and covering a topic is not enough until and unless you revise it again and again. The number of times you revise is important but at the same time how well you revise is the most important thing. Revision is the main thing that gives you success in a competitive exam. Make a weekly or daily schedule of topics that are to be revised. The difficult topics should be revised again and again. One must not ignore the easy topics as sometimes those easy topics get ignored and then they create problem while writing the exam. Revision should be done effectively and efficiently.

Step 12- Read Newspapers For Daily UPSC Current Affairs 

Along with the syllabus, one must start reading newspapers, magazines, and current affairs. General sciences should not be ignored. Stay updated with the latest news. This will also help you during the interview. You can refer to weekly magazines and even subscribe to any youtube channel for daily current affairs. You must revise current affairs weekly and monthly also. This will help you in memorizing things for a longer duration.

Step13– Discipline and consistency is the Key

For qualifying a competitive exam and even for achieving anything in life discipline is must. One must remain consistent throughout the preparation period. The schedule should be followed in a disciplined manner.

Step 14- Living a Healthy Lifestyle

During your preparation time, you must be healthy and free from diseases. If unfortunately, you suffer from any type of illness it can waste your complete year. So it is necessary to stay fit and healthy. One must take a balanced diet and avoid junk food. You can also go for walks as they refresh your mind. You can also practice yoga or simple exercises at home. Self-care is also very important.  

Step 15- Staying motivated and focused For UPSC Exam

You need to remain motivated throughout the preparation period.  Stay positive and focused during your journey. Don’t let yourself feel bad because of other people who are settled or in a better place than you. People will judge you and make comments which will let you down but you need to ignore them and work on your goal. Listen to motivational speakers when you feel bad. 

Conclusion-

To clear the Prelims exam is necessary so that you can appear for the Mains Exam. Along with self-study, the right guidance is very necessary to pass any examination. A candidate must inculcate a positive attitude and mindset which is very necessary before one starts to prepare for an exam. Self-discipline is a must. One should consider all the subjects and then choose the optional subject. It is very necessary to make the right choice of the optional subject so it helps you score better marks and gives you an overall good ALL INDIA RANK. The right guidance and a proper schedule can help a person to crack an examination with flying colors. Along with hard work, it is very necessary to do smart work. One must not waste time on unnecessary topics or easy topics. Clearing the UPSC Prelims exam is not easy but it is also not impossible. Hard work and dedication can help in achieving every dream in life. Also, it is very necessary to keep yourself motivated throughout the journey. If you stay focused and prepare thoroughly you will succeed. Stay delusional and highly optimistic.

ALL the Best! Hope you achieve your dreams.

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